Peptide Prenylation
Peptide prenylation is a common post-translational modification of peptides.
Peptide prenylation is a common post-translational modification of peptides, it is also known as isoprnylation. This modification adds the farnesyl (C15) or geranylgeranyl (C20) isoprenoid moity onto the cysteine residue near the carboxyl terminal of peptides. This prenylation occurs usually at the C-terminus of approximately 2% of all mammalian proteins.
Prenylation is an importance process for the mediation of protein-protein interactions and protein-membrane interactions. Proteins modified by isoprenylation play a critical role in signal transduction, such as guanosine triphosphaterase (GTPases) has attracted wide attention in tumorigenesis researches. In addition, these prenylated peptides have inherent cell penetrating ability.
Prenylation Process
In the peptide prenylation process, the lipid chain is formed by adding three (farnesyl) or four (geranylgeranyl) isoprene units to the free thiol group. These groups with double bonds of obvious acid instability, will seriously hinder the synthesis of peptides containing farnesyl or geranyl. These double bonds are trans-configured in the farnesyl and geranyl chains. These two chemical reactions are catalyzed respectively by farneyl transferase (FTase) and geranylgeranyltransferase (GGTases).
The isoprene moiety of preylated peptides are essential for different interactions, like: reversible binding of peptide to inner cell membrane, interaction regulations in peptide-protein. Qyaobio can provide peptide prenylation to customers with different requirements, our common service including design, synthesis and purification of prenylated peptides.
Application of Peptide Prenylation
Peptide prenylation is applied extensively in cellular physiology and pathology process, due to its efficient anchoring into plasma or organellar membranes by increasing the hydrophobicity of the target proteins.
- The common target proteins including: heterotrimeric G proteins, nuclear lamin proteins, small GTPases in the Ras, Rho, and Rab families.
- Prenylated peptides can facilitate sub-cellular localization, promote interactions of protein-protein and protein-membrane.
- Analysis of prenylation dis-regulation related to many human diseases, such as neuro-degeneration disorders, cancer, cardiac, retinitis pigmentosa, premature aging syndromes.
Qyaobio provides peptide prenylation service for our global customers, we have reliable synthesis procedure with our excellent technology. Qyaobio has extensive prenylated peptides with farnesylation and geranylation. We are the company of choice to manufacture your prenylated peptide requirements with competitive prices.
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